Macros and Keymaps

Dwarf Fortress требует активного использования клавиатуры. Но в распоряжении дварфовода также имеется встроенная система макросов. Благодаря ей или какой-либо внешней программе, Вы можете сэкономить много времени, когда требуется сделать множество указаний, перестроек, выбрасываний и т.д.

Встроенная система макросов DF

Создание макросов

В самом DF управление макросами следующее:

• Ctrl+r = начать/прекратить запись макроса
• Ctrl+p = воспроизвести макрос
• Ctrl+s = сохранить макрос
• Ctrl+l = загрузить макрос

Чтобы создать макрос нажмите Ctrl+r, для начала записи Ваших действий. Бывает удобно начинать запись, находясь в меню указаний, когда Вы можете видеть позицию игрового курсора. Когда Вы произвели все необходимые действия и хотите остановить запись, снова нажмите Ctrl+r. Сохраните макрос, нажав Ctrl+s и введя название. Тогда макрос будет добавлен в ваш список макросов. Чтобы загрузить макрос из списка нажмите Ctrl+l и выберите макрос. Воспроизвести выбранный макрос можно нажатием Ctrl+p.

Сохранённые макросы находятся в data/init/macros в .mak-файлах. Даже простейший макрос — например, чтобы создать 3-тайловой ширины рампу — может содержать до 50 команд. This is because every possible binding of the key pressed is included in the macro and put in a block (and r for ramp has many by default).

pressing_enter_recorded
		SELECT
		CLOSE_MEGA_ANNOUNCEMENT
		WORLD_PARAM_ENTER_VALUE
		SETUPGAME_SAVE_PROFILE_GO
		D_BURROWS_DEFINE
		D_MILITARY_ALERTS_SET
	End of group
		CUSTOM_CTRL_R
	End of group
End of macro

Данная статья помечена как не оконченная. Вы можете прочитать эту статью на английском или помочь проекту её переводом.

For this example the recording was started, enter was pressed and the recording was stopped. When using this macro every underlying command in the file will be called, if possible. If you are in the designation menu, it will react as a select, the other commands will be ignored. If you are in the burrow menu, it will work like pressing enter there. The macro alway ends with a block containing the end of it's recording. But executing macros seems to ignore this command. If you have changed your key bindings you'll get another result, because the underlying commands are recorded, not the keys pressed.
When creating or editing your own macros it is a good idea to use only those commands you really want.

ramping_created
		DESIGNATE_RAMP
	End of group
		CURSOR_DOWN_Z
	End of group
		SELECT
	End of group
		CURSOR_RIGHT
	End of group
		CURSOR_RIGHT
	End of group
		SELECT
	End of group
		CURSOR_LEFT
	End of group
		CURSOR_LEFT
	End of group
		CURSOR_UP
	End of group
End of macro

This selfmade example will designate a 3 tiles wide ramp one z-level below and place the cursor to make the next execution of the macro continue the way down. The first line has to be the name of the file. You can see that there are grouping tags for every single keypress. These are important for a working macro.
It is unknown if there is the possibility of creationg loops/iterations, other programming features or comments.
There seem to be problems with changing removing and adding macros while the game is running. Save, quit and restart the game when you want to change something.

Тонкая настройка макросов

Чем меньше команд содержит макрос, тем быстрее он работает. Это означает, что нужно избегать лишних шагов, оптимизируя "путь" Ваших указаний.

Второй и самый эффективный способ увеличить скорость состоит в том, чтобы удалить все ненужные команды DF из макроса, при помощи текстового редактора. Несмотря на то, что дополнительные команды игнорируются игрой, они отнимают время на обработку. To move a cursor 3 (up/down) or 4 (right/left) commands are recorded, most other keys are bound to more commands. Pressing d for example records more than 30 commands. Depending on what you do, you can increase the speed by 4 or more by reducing the number of commands in every group to the one you need. If you edit a macro, you'll have to restart DF afterwards.

The third way is to change settings in the init-files. In the base init file (data/init/init.txt) you will find the follow lines:

If you set KEY_REPEAT_ACCEL_LIMIT above one, then after KEY_REPEAT_ACCEL_START repetitions 
the repetition delay will smoothly decrease until repetition is this number of times faster 
than at the start.

[KEY_REPEAT_ACCEL_LIMIT:8]
[KEY_REPEAT_ACCEL_START:10]

This controls the number of milliseconds between macro instructions.

[MACRO_MS:15]

This means that the speed between macro commands will gradually increase until it hits the limit. The secondary command is when the gradual increase in speed increases.

Внешние утилиты

AutoHotKey

1. Go to Utilities#AutoHotKey and download AutoHotKey. Installation is simple and the program uses few system resources.
2. Write macro scripts (file type .ahk), which may contain any number of commands. You activate scripts by double-clicking .ahk files and deactivate them by right-clicking the AutoHotKey icon on the task bar. Both of these can be done at any time — even right in the middle of a game. AutoHotKey also allows for automated activation of scripts.

Please see also the 40d macros page, as much of what is there works perfectly fine. If you can verify it works, please move it to this page.

Troubleshooting Scripts

Users may experience some issues in getting scripts to work, particularly when using looping scripts when experiencing low frame-rates.

• If experiencing low frame-rates, try adding delays ("Sleep 100" to pause for 100 milliseconds for example) within loops to allow the interface to keep up. If there are nested loops, sometimes adding a pause at the end of an inner loop is all that is needed to flush the keyboard buffer
• Another way to add delay during and after each simulated key press is to put SetKeyDelay, 40, 40 at the start of the macro.
• Make sure that Dwarf Fortress maintains focus. IM windows are the enemy! Who needs friends anyhow? You've got Dwarf Fortress.
• This may go without saying, but most macros assume standard key-mappings. If you're using non-standard ones, you may have to edit the macro to get it to work.
• Visiting liaisons can bring up screens that eat keystrokes, throwing a long-looping script out-of-phase with where it expects the game to be. Wait for the farewell screen before running a long script.
• The SendPlay function supports keys that the Send function does not, for example Shift-Enter. According to the AutoHotKey documentation, SendPlay may also be better at preventing dropped keystrokes.

General Fortress Mode Hotkeys Script

An attempt at speeding up various designations. Includes an up/down stair builder, a fast move up/down, and some select-and-advance keys. Please see user:DDR#Dwarf_Fortress_General_AHK_Script.